Posts Tagged ‘Diabetes’

Hello, hello, hello, what’s going on here then?

By Jeremy Turner, consultant endocrinologist and author of Diabetesbible.com - 10th February 2012 11:30 am

Do I work for the NHS or the DVLA? This is what I found myself wondering about in my last clinic.

It’s rare in medicine that your duty to act as the patient’s advocate is not the over-riding factor in all clinical decision-making. However, if you are fortunate enough to be a diabetologist, then several times a month you will find yourself in the professionally invidious position of doing the DVLA’s bidding, potentially not putting the patient’s concerns centre stage.

Allow me to furnish you with a hypothetical scenario. A 42-year-old patient with a 20 year history of diabetes consults you for their routine annual review and during the appointment also requests that you complete a medical questionnaire for the DVLA. They have the form with them and plonk it in front of you. You are working your way through the questions fairly well until you get to the one that asks if you have inspected a written record of their recent blood glucose monitoring results.

You are happy that day-to-day glycaemic control is not a major problem for this patient, their HbA1c is 59 mmol/mol, the hospital notes bear witness that they have never been seen in A&E with a major hypo - nor trauma from a road traffic collision caused by hypoglycaemia for that matter. They verbally report no major hypos and good hypoglycaemic awareness and your clinical instincts tell you that you have no reason to disbelieve this account of things.

You have previously scrutinised their glucometer and recorded in the notes “glucometer readings mainly single figures/low teens”. However, they do not have either glucometer or glucose monitoring diary with them today. You would not be making an issue of this minor point were it not for the DVLA form, after all, have you never, not even once, arrived at work without your hospital ID badge? We are all human.

But now the pressure’s on, the patient’s driving license is about to expire, they need it for their livelihood, they have to get the form back to the DVLA in the next three days or the license expires. Do you just tick the box saying you’ve inspected the glucose monitoring diary? No, better not do that, what if that one in a million chance comes to fruition and they have a huge hypo on the way home and plough in to a crocodile of school children on a zebra crossing?

OK, plan B, politely explain to the patient that it will not be possible to complete the form today even though your professional instincts are telling you that to do so would be quite OK? You explain, the remonstration starts, the pleading, the imperative to keep driving with which you so completely empathise. Now, from being kind, sympathetic, benevolent, you are cast as cruel, heartless and callous.

Not only has this consultation gone badly wrong, but the entire therapeutic relationship has been seriously injured, perhaps forever by a third party who was never invited to this consultation in the first place. Oh dear, how did it ever come to this? Did you ask to be both policeman and doctor at the same time? I suspect not, I know I certainly didn’t.

Click HERE for guidance on diabetes diagnosis and management.

Diabetes: three quarters of the 24,000 people with diabetes who die each year are over 64

By Mike Broad - 15th December 2011 5:12 pm

Up to 24,000 people with diabetes are dying each year in the UK from causes that could be avoided through better management of their condition.

The first ever report into mortality from the National Diabetes Audit shows about three quarters of the 24,000 people with diabetes who die each year are aged 65 and over.

However, the gap in death rates between those who have and do not have diabetes becomes more and more extreme with younger age.

About one in 3,300 women in England will die between the ages of 15 to 34; but this risk increases nine-fold among women with type 1 diabetes to one in 360, and six-fold among women with type 2 diabetes to one in 520.

A similar picture is true for young men with diabetes; men aged 15 to 34 in the English population are much more likely to die than women – at one in every 1,530; but this risk rises four-fold for men with type 1 diabetes to one in 360, and by just under four-fold among those with type 2 diabetes to one in 430.

Audit lead clinician Dr Bob Young, consultant diabetologist and clinical lead for the National Diabetes Information Service, said: “For the first time we have a reliable measure of the huge impact of diabetes on early death. Many of these early deaths could be prevented. The rate of new diabetes is increasing every year. So, if there are no changes, the impact of diabetes on national mortality will increase. Doctors, nurses and the NHS working in partnership with people who have diabetes should be able to improve these grim statistics.”

Read more.

Diabetes: role of glycaemic index in diabetes and obesity management

Evidentia - 29th July 2011 11:11 am

A low glycaemic index (GI) diet may hold the key to controlling blood glucose levels and achieving and maintaining sustained weight loss in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Recent research indicates that the type of carbohydrates we eat may have a greater impact on weight gain and glycaemic control than previously thought.

Low-GI food ingredients, developed in close collaboration between food technologists, nutritionists and physicians, is a growing market and may alter the way Type 2 diabetes is managed in the near future.

Professor Jeya Henry is director of the Functional Food Centre at Oxford Brookes University, a facility at the forefront of the research into modulating blood glucose and controlling body weight with the help of a low-GI diet.

Read more.

Patients could lose access to diabetes education

GP - 20th June 2011 11:16 am

Cuts to community diabetes services could undermine GP achievement on a proposed QOF indicator and force practices to fun costly services in-house.

Diabetes UK said it has “huge concerns” that patients could lose access to diabetes education schemes in NHS cuts.

NICE’s QOF advisory committee recently approved an indicator for such schemes. But the committee admitted funding cuts could mean no local services exist to which GPs can refer patients.

The proposed indicator would pay GPs for sending patients with a new diagnosis of diabetes to a structured education programme, such as Desmond or Dafne.

But during pilots of the indicators, four in ten practices were forced to provide in-house diabetes education because local services were unavailable.

Read more at GP.

Trial will see if mentors can help prevent diabetes

BBC Health - 22nd March 2011 9:58 am

Researchers in Norfolk are beginning a £2m project to screen 10,000 people who are at high risk of type 2 diabetes.

Some people whose blood sugar shows they are at a “pre-diabetes” stage will be assigned mentors - patients who already have the condition.

The mentors will give other patients advice on diet and lifestyle - as well as getting support themselves from professionals. The researchers describe the five-year project as “exciting”.

The £2.2m study has been funded by the National Institute for Health Research.

GPs in Norfolk will write to patients who are aged over 40, have a Body Mass Index above 30 and a family history of diabetes, to ask them if they wish to take part in the trial.

Most participants are expected to have normal levels of blood glucose. But researchers from Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals expect that 11% of people will be in the “pre-diabetes” phase, which means they’re at high risk of developing the condition.

Read more at BBC Health.

Diabetes: Feet - report from European Association for the Study of Diabetes

Evidentia - 9th March 2011 5:06 pm

A poster session at the annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Stockholm, considered clinical aspects of diabetic foot.

Three posters considered aspects of detection and prognosis of diabetic foot problems.

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Diabetic neuropathy: the winding road from early detection to timely prevention

Evidentia - 14th February 2011 7:18 pm

Report from the European Association for the study of Diabetes, Stockholm: key to reducing the development of neuropathy is effective long-term glycaemic control, starting early in the disease process.

Effective glycaemic control has been confirmed as beneficial in those with Type 1 diabetes but not for those with Type 2 diabetes. In those with Type 1 diabetes and poor glycaemic control, loss of conduction in motor nerves is estimated to occur at a rate of 0.5m/second per year.

Patients with good glycaemic control can keep their level of neuropathy risk at that seen for healthy individuals. Few patients with poor glycaemic control have neuropathic symptoms within five years of diagnosis, but after 15 years a third are affected and after 24 years two-thirds are affected.

Read more.

“Shocking” variation in amputation rate in diabetes

BBC Health - 25th November 2010 9:47 am

Variations in the amputation rates in diabetes patients in England have been described as shocking by a charity.

Department of Health data reveals the rate of major amputations in the South West, at three in 1,000, is almost twice the rate in the South East.

The Diabetes UK charity says the majority could be prevented.

The government says it is publishing the information, which also covers other conditions and has been dubbed an “atlas of care”, to help improve care.

The amputation difference is one of the most striking revealed in a series of 34 “maps” of healthcare produced.

It also looks at key treatments for some of the most serious conditions including stroke, heart disease and asthma.

There are more than 70 major amputations a week carried out on type 2 diabetes patients in England. It is thought 80% of amputations are potentially preventable.

Read more at BBC Health.

Diabetes: hopes grow over the development of an artificial pancreas

Evidentia - 18th November 2010 9:45 am

Optimism is on the rise for the artificial pancreas, a system intended to constantly monitor glucose levels and adjust insulin automatically - so much so that experts say that use of the technology is a matter of when, not if.

The latest results for the devices are encouraging, with the device found to significantly improve overnight glucose levels in adults with type 1 diabetes.

The artificial pancreas is a fusion of the continuous glucose monitoring device and insulin pump with an algorithm that can determine how much insulin to deliver and when.

“It will significantly impact the lives of those with body Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes by providing exquisite control of blood sugars and will prevent the short-term complications of Type 1 diabetes - hypoglycaemia - and the long-term complications of the disease,” said Richard Insel, MD, executive vice president of research at the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation.

Read more.

Novo Nordisk petitioned over axing of Mixtard 30

By Mike Broad - 2nd November 2010 11:05 am

A letter from the Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin to the Daily Telegraph deplores the axing by Novo Nordisk of an insulin product, currently used by an estimated 90,000 diabetics in the UK.

The letter, which has the backing of several leading specialists and the Insulin Dependent Diabetes Trust, calls on manufacturer Novo Nordisk to reverse its decision to withdraw Mixtard 30 from sale by the end of this year.

Here’s the letter in full:

Dear Sir,

The drug company Novo Nordisk plans to withdraw its insulin product Mixtard 30 from the UK at the end of this year – a move that we believe will adversely affect the wellbeing of many people with diabetes and add millions to NHS costs.

Mixtard 30 is a biphasic human insulin, currently used by an estimated 90,000 people in the UK. It is recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) as a treatment of choice. And, crucially, scientific evidence indicates that alternative ‘analogue’ forms of insulin, promoted by the company, such as NovoMix 30, are neither more effective nor safer.

But they are much more expensive, with one estimate suggesting that a straight switch to NovoMix 30 for patients in England alone would add around £9 million to the NHS drugs bill. And this figure takes no account of other added cost pressures. These include the need to review many thousands of patients to switch treatment, some of whom will need many months to become established on an alternative insulin.

The withdrawal of Mixtard 30 also signals the end to the availability of a biphasic insulin in an ergonomically designed device, and this could leave many users with eyesight and manual dexterity problems dependent on others to help them take their insulin.

Of note, Mixtard 30 has never been available in the UK (unlike in Germany) in the FlexPen, an injecting device very popular among people with diabetes. If it had, perhaps the decline in sales of Mixtard 30 in recent years, cited by the company as a reason to discontinue it, might have been avoided.

Like over 1,000 signatories to the ‘Don’t Drop Mixtard 30’ campaign petition, we are alarmed by Novo Nordisk’s attitude to people with diabetes who rely on Mixtard 30. We urge the company to reverse a decision that is simply not in the interests of patients, healthcare professionals or the NHS.

Yours faithfully,

Dr Ike Iheanacho, editor of Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin; Edwin Gale, emeritus professor of Diabetic Medicine at the University of Bristol; Geoff Gill, professor of international medicine at the University of Liverpool; Jenny Hirst, co-chair of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Trust; Harry Keen, emeritus professor of human metabolism at Guy’s Hospital; and John Yudkin, emeritus professor of medicine at University College London.

Sign their petition.