Dr Blogs

An open blog enabling commentators from across secondary care to share their opinions. To contribute email editorial@hospitaldr.co.uk

Poor pay rise + inflation = demovitated docs

By Mike Broad - 4th March 2010 6:56 pm

We’re into March already and it won’t be long until we find out what your pay rise is going to be for 2010-2011. Did I say pay rise? Sorry, I meant pay cut.

OK, they can’t actually take money away from you, but when inflation is taken into consideration doctors will be looking at a pay cut.

Back in November the Chancellor said that for the two years from 2011 he would seek to ensure all public sector pay rises were capped at 1%. You can bet doctors won’t do better this year.

Even doctors’ representatives are saying a 1% pay rise for doctors would be “a result”. They’re anticipating less.  

Such is the state of the nation’s economy most doctors appear resigned to a poor deal. They weren’t, however, expecting foundation trusts to plot an assault on their SPAs, clinical excellence awards and progressional pay increments as well.

The irony of it all is that a government that was obsessed with eliminating private practice has, in the end, created an environment that is conducive for it.

Fears over inflation are very real, with rates increasing this year on all measures. The Retail Price Index rose to 3.7% in January, from 2.4% in December.

The OECD found that Britain’s CPI inflation rate of 3.5% in January was two or three times higher than other European nations. It blamed rises in supermarket goods and energy provider charges. Petrol prices and the increase in VAT have also played their part apparently. 

Here’s some Stephanomics on the subject - she’s better qualified than me to comment and suggests inflation could be more of a problem than the Treasury is letting on. 

But it’s not only the rising costs of general items that doctors should be concerned about. How will medical organisations, which charge professional membership fees, respond?

Full registration with the GMC currently costs you £410 a year. This is going up to £420 from April - a 2.4% rise.

If you’re a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, you paid £485 in 2009. In 2010, you’re paying £495 - a 2.1% rise. 

Consultant membership of the Royal College of Surgeons rose from £375 in 2009/2010 to £380 for 2010/2011 - a 1.3% increase.

A standard membership with the BMA for 2008/2009 was £399. This rose by 2% to £407 for 2009/2010.  

None of these rises are atypical or offensive, and I’m sure they’re justifiable. But - and it is a significant ‘but’ - they are all likely to outstrip this year’s consultant pay deal.

And this is without even considering indemnity fees and other association, society and journal membership and subscription charges. As the expectations surrounding continuous professional development rise, so will the cost to the individual consultant.

Most of these fees are tax deductible, but it doesn’t stop them representing a significant outlay.

It therefore comes as no surprise that other organisations are trying to offer cheaper ways for doctors to access some of these services.

Just as doctors, and the organisations they work for, are coming under pressure to deliver even better value for money, then so must the medical institutions that serve them - particularly the ones doctors are obliged to pay fees to.

One can get blinded by pay particularly when other private sector professions, like bankers, are still doing well. As this commentator points out there is a total reward package within the public sector that others don’t benefit from.

That does of course assume that employers and the government don’t start messing around with your pensions, clinical excellence awards and other terms and conditions, which all contribute to the ‘total reward package’. If that is successfully avoided, a few flat pay rises might end up looking like ‘a win’.

A psychiatrist’s tale of going under the knife

By Dr P Grahame Woolf, consultant psychiatrist - 2nd March 2010 10:30 am

Doctors are notoriously bad patients. Before undergoing two cataract operations, I heard that familiar joke. Cataract replacement, with a 98% success rate, is one of the triumphs of modern medicine; would that psychiatry could come near to equalling it.

Cataract surgery is now generally performed under local anaesthetic, which provides the patient with a different perspective.

My initial assessment was a model of how these things should be, but pressures in the eye unit later undermined the ideal. The consultant surgeon conducted a thorough examination. An additional problem, double vision, was then explored by an orthoptist, who explained everything well. They recommended surgery on both eyes. I signed the consent form and was sent to book the operation. The booking clerk said there was a cancellation slot the next day, which I gladly accepted.

On arrival I was surprised to find myself under a different consultant surgeon with no explanation. I was seen by a nurse and then by the new consultant’s specialist registrar who would be doing the operation. The examinations were quick, mainly form-filling exercises. I learned that there was no operating list schedule, and that patients would be called to theatre in no particular order. As it happened, I was the last one, some five hours after the arrival appointment; no food to be taken whilst waiting. 

In the theatre ante-room there was repeat paperwork to eliminate risk of error; confirmation that I was the right Peter Woolf (not Dr, the IT didn’t have provision for that option); date of birth, which eye was to be done, etc.

Inside theatre, the scene was intriguing, with elaborate hi-tech machinery. I was laid down flat with my face covered, so one could not see what was going on. Background music played. The injections and processes were virtually painless. They involved what sounded like a dentist’s drill in one’s eye; you could feel it, but nothing hurt.

However, at one point, I sensed that all was not right. The consultant surgeon himself came in and took over, and the procedure extended to what felt like twice the expected duration, before on completion the team expressed relief and satisfaction.

Nothing at all was said to me throughout the lengthy process. Afterwards the consultant explained that because the new lens which had been inserted proved to be a faulty one, it had to be replaced, apparently a tricky exercise. The anomaly was so unprecedented that he had never encountered it before. The abnormal lens would be returned to the manufacturer with a complaint.

Next morning I returned to the department and the bandages were removed. Two sets of eye drops were supplied, to be taken alternately, hourly for a fortnight. It was a relief to have two eyes again.

At the follow-up clinic a fortnight later there was paperwork again, to plan for the second operation. It all seemed de novo. I was asked: “Do you want it done? It’s entirely up to you”, as if the decision had not already been made. The same risks explanation, as per the leaflet supplied, and a second consent form to be signed. In that rushed interview in a busy clinic there really was no time for, or encouragement to ask, pertinent questions.

Once again I was sent to arrange the second operation with the bookings clerk, from whom I learned that for various reasons the first opportunity would be several weeks later. On enquiry I learnt however that my original consultant could to do it the next week, so the clerk went off to explore whether I might be re-allocated to the original team, with which I had experienced such good rapport.

She returned to tell me firmly that was not to be, “you’re now under Mr X and must stay under him”.

Whilst waiting for the second operation recovery continued steadily, with the gratifying experience of regaining colour clarity and brightness, which I had been losing over the years without realising. Between the two operations grey morning skies seen through the right eye became blue through the new left lens.

At pre-examination before the second operation the same routine was repeated, with people in the clinic behaving as if they did not recognise me. I mentioned having not being told what had been happening during the previous prolonged operation. The response was: “No, we don’t talk to the patients in case it makes them more agitated”. I said that for me, the opposite would apply; written note was taken of that preference.   

In theatre again the atmosphere was tangibly less relaxed than the first time. The consultant was present throughout. The theatre nurse sounded less confident than the previous one.  After some time things began to sound fraught.  There were problems with the new lens; another was needed: “Should it be the 70 or the 70.5?” Some equipment available was not as wanted: “the straight one, not the curved one”. No reassurances or explanations were addressed to me.

Eventually all was complete. Sitting up again I was assured that the operation had been completed, technically perfectly. Surrounded by all the high-tech equipment I said that, being a doctor myself, it would be interesting to watch one of these cataract operations in theatre. The SpR thought that would be “against rules” but that I could look them up on the internet. 

During the evening, worrying visual manifestations occurred. The bandaged eye produced a coloured show, with bright, kaleidoscopic effects which somehow swamped the vision of the other eye. A thing like a shimmering coloured table cloth appeared - scary! My worried wife phoned the help number provided for nurse advice but failed to get through. 

On the next morning - as the great freeze of 2010 got under way - I returned early to the hospital, worrying whether the retina might have been affected (detached retina is one possible complication on the patients’ leaflet).

I told the clinic nurse that I had a worry. She did not know me, nor that I was a doctor, as I re-iterated when asked to give my particulars all over again. “Well, I’ll put down, you like to be addressed as Dr.” The SpR saw me in due course, and reassured me that the visions were not sinister; probably some “edge optical effect” of the “very large replacement lens” they’d put in. 

Despite the typically harrassed atmosphere (the snow had disrupted travel for both staff and patients) I did pursue some questioning and received from the lead consultant, who was also at the clinic, another explanation of my bizarre kaleidoscopic visions: “just the jelly rolling around in the back of the eye - it sometimes picks up the retina a bit but only quite slowly”. I also mentioned that the atmosphere had seemed fraught at the second operation, with the nursing assistants unable to find instruments, etc?

Several weeks later, at the final out-patients review I was called in from the corridor loudly, Peter Woolf, by that same consultant (as if he hadn’t connected who I was?). Again the various people who saw me that morning seemed unaware that I was a doctor. A nurse asked how long I’d been one and seemed impressed that I answered “about sixty years”. Later the consultant reassured me that the two operations were perfectly normal “apart from circumstances”.

This is, of course, just one story; one with a happy ending, that could be widely duplicated. But the message has to be that time constraints loom large in medical practice, whether it be GP appointments or a busy specialist hospital department that is, in a way, a victim of its own success.

The staff have no time to achieve rapport with patients; instead there is an expectation that patients are totally deferential to an overly stressed clinical team. There is plenty of scope for improvement in everybody’s best interests - however busy a clinic.   

Demystifying the negligence claim process

By Dr Sharmala Moodley, MDU deputy head of claims - 28th February 2010 12:53 pm

The MDU’s claim-handling team manage hundreds of claims each year arising from members’ work in independent hospitals or primary care. Common reasons for claims include allegations of failed or delayed diagnosis, medication errors, administrative errors, concerns about seeking consent, communication problems, and other treatment mishaps, such as surgical errors.

The number of claims notified to us by members has remained stable and only around 2% ever get to trial but this is little consolation for a doctor who receives a letter from a claimants’ solicitor. Doctors frequently feel angry and distressed and some knowledge of the way in which the claims process works may help them understand what to expect.

Clinical negligence is a failure to provide the standard of care to be expected of a doctor with similar training, skills and experience. To succeed, the claimant must establish that the doctor owed them a duty of care; that the doctor breached that duty, and that the patient suffered harm as a result.

Claims should be started within three years of the incident - 70% of claims notified to the MDU are in this group - or three years from when the patient becomes aware there are grounds for a claim. However, this time limit only applies to competent adult patients. For children, the three year limitation period only begins when they have reached 18 while there is no time limit for patients with a mental disorder or disability. Members with claims which are notified well over ten years after the incident have been assisted.

There are a number of different stages to the claims process itself and they differ within the UK. In England and Wales a pre-action protocol was introduced in 1999 to encourage the informal resolution of claims. If both sides fail to agree, the patient can still pursue the claim through the courts.

Details of the claimant’s case and damages claimed, known as particulars of the claim, must be sent with the claim form or served within 14 days. These must give details of the claimant’s allegations and a breakdown of the financial loss that is being claimed. The defence team then has 28 days to lodge a full defence. The case runs on a strict timetable imposed by the court, including exchange of witness statements and reports from impartial experts in the appropriate specialties to advise on the standard of care provided and whether, on the balance of probabilities, this affected the outcome.

Throughout the process, the claims team works with the doctor to achieve the best outcome. For example, we may invite them to meet with the barrister and solicitor to examine the claim in detail, test the available evidence and identify other evidence that may be needed. Our policy is to involve members in decisions about their claims and we will not settle any claim for the sake of expediency alone, although of course, it is not in anyone’s interests to try to defend the indefensible.

Two-thirds of claims notified to us by members do not result in a settlement but where a claimant is successful, compensation is paid for the harm they have suffered and the impact this has had on their life. The object is to restore patients to the position they would have been in had the negligence not occurred and may include general damages for pain, suffering and loss of amenity as well as special damages which are designed to meet the cost of care, loss of earnings and special equipment or adaptations in the home.

The cost of the average claim settled by the MDU has increased by about 10% per annum in recent years in terms of the level of compensation awarded and the legal costs have escalated to a greater degree. In fact, in over 40% of medical negligence claims settled by the MDU, claimants’ legal costs now exceed damages. We have repeatedly highlighted the problem of spiralling and disproportionate legal costs but we are optimistic that the recommendations in the Justice Jackson report into civil litigation costs, if implemented in full, will restore balance to the system.

Whether or not a claim is successful, we see at first hand how upsetting it can be for doctors to be accused of clinical negligence. For this reason, it is essential that doctors contact their defence organisation at the first sign of a claim.

Access an explanatory podcast on the issue (MDU members only). 

Whistleblow: damned if you do, damned if you don’t

By Mike Broad - 26th February 2010 1:12 am

The latest report on Stafford Hospital is the most revealing yet. Why? Because it lifts the lid on the management culture at the trust.

You could be forgiven for switching off at the mention of another report into Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust - there’s been a few over the past year. But there are still some important lessons the Department of Health has yet to learn.

The independent inquiry paints a truly disturbing picture. In A&E, the emergency assessment unit and a number of the wards there were some serious and repeated failures in care. Vulnerable patients were neglected. Mistakes happened but because of weak governance issues weren’t addressed and the organisation didn’t learn.

The report suggests that the hospital’s management focused on costs and targets at the expense of quality. Demoralised, understaffed teams just kept their heads down and got on with it.

Why didn’t more of them speak up? This is the question the GMC would like answered. This week, Niall Dickson, chief executive of the GMC, said: “The report does raise questions about how doctors and other professionals respond when they see poor quality care. Our guidance, Good Medical Practice, which is the foundation of good care and medical professionalism makes it absolutely clear that all doctors must make the care of their patient their first concern.

“If any doctor has reason to think that patient safety is, or may be, seriously compromised then they must take steps to put the matter right. If doctors have concerns that a member of the team may not be fit to practise they must take appropriate steps without delay. This includes raising concerns locally and, if there are still concerns about the safety of patients they should inform the relevant regulatory body.”

Do doctors really need reminding of this? Probably not. I’d take a guess that doctors in the units involved at Mid Staffs were well aware of their responsibilities but knew that if they put their heads above the parapet there might be a huge personal cost.

As the inquiry has found, the doctors were dealing with a fearsome management culture described as secretive and bullying. Don’t get me wrong, if doctors were complicit in poor care they deserve to be investigated by the GMC as some are now being.

But, who would willingly become a whistleblower in the NHS? We’ve supposedly had protective legislation since 1998 and yet doctors continue to be drummed out of trusts for raising concerns. 

Look at Kim Holt and Ramon Niekrash for recent examples. There are plenty of others.

Maybe that’s where the GMC’s attention should be. We should also be concentrating on the senior managers - they set the priorities and the level of resource to deliver them. Why is there no regulator that can bring managers to book individually? For me they’re more responsible than an under trained and over worked nurse.

I also believe that patient groups have a strong case in calling for a full public inquiry. There are some bigger issues here. None of the reports have so far resolved the wider systemic failings that allow an underperforming hospital to be highly rated and awarded foundation status. None of the reviews have included a wider discussion on targets and their ability to distort clinical priorities.

Andy Burnham has said “this was ultimately a local failure”. He needs it to be seen as an isolated case because there’s an election around the corner. While it’s doubtful so many problems will present again within one trust, many other hospitals are going to under intense pressure in the next few years and it doesn’t strike me that we’ve adequately dealt with the root causes of this dysfunction.

Haiti: “this disaster is so, so far from over”

By Francesca Robinson - 23rd February 2010 10:59 am

Dr Birgit Hauffe, a GP registrar at Grange Medical Group, Edinburgh, describes the challenges of responding to the Haiti earthquake. Hauffe has been working for the medical charity Medicins Sans Frontieres (MSF) in Choscal Hospital in the Cite Soleil slum area of Port-Au-Prince and is now in Santo Domingo dealing with medical referrals. She has previously worked with MSF in Angola and Liberia.

1. What is your experience of the scale this disaster, compared with other disasters?

“Haiti was a poor and underdeveloped country even before this tragedy, and had suffered badly from natural disasters such as hurricanes in the last few years. But the level of devastation here is beyond any I have ever seen before- beyond any I could really imagine. The streets of Port-Au-Prince are literally like bomb sites. I imagine people in the UK who remember the war might have something similar in their minds - but this is everywhere - not just single buildings…there is no street or area untouched. 

“The odd house still stands (often precariously) but people still feel uncomfortable about going inside - so life continues outdoors for almost all. The lucky ones in camps, some 400,000 or so voluntarily moved to the countryside, but an estimated 300,000 are still living in the streets with nothing. Ironically for the very poorest of the poor in the slums many buildings have remained upright (as they were made of wood and other lighter materials) but what is really striking is that there doesn’t seem to be a single person who you meet who hasn’t been affected: lost a family member, lost their house, lost everything.”

2. What have working conditions been like?

“I have been working in a tented hospital called CHOSCAL in an area of Port-Au-Prince which historically was the site of very significant and brutal gang warfare (apparently this is well depicted in the film of the same name - Ghosts of Cite Soleil - the name of the area). MSF had been using this hospital in the past, and MSF’s name was known and trusted in the area, which allowed them quick access to the structure, and they began the first life saving operations in the quickly rehabilitated operating theatres within a few days of the earthquake.

“The tents are the same as the ones I have worked under in cholera epidemics in the past - a good compromise - but really hot in the day despite the shade netting. The surgical, anesthetic and scrub team have been working pretty much flat out 24/7 trying to get the 80 or so patients sorted. The majority have amputations, mostly lower limb.

“Unfortunately as you might imagine the initial operations were often done in a hurry (I spoke to the surgeon who was here before, during and after the quake and he spoke of literally hundreds of people crammed into the tiny hospital grounds all begging for help. He himself did many, many, amputations in his first 72 hour non-stop shift) and there is now quite a lot of problems with infection. 

“The initial amputations were often conservative - trying to preserve as much of a stump as possible - but it seems that many of the patients who were already malnourished and whose tissues has spent some time squashed and hence oxygen starved have not been healing well despite debridement to what looked like good healthy bleeding tissue. It is that fight against necrotic and infected stumps with frequent further debridement and dressing changes under anesthetic which is keeping the surgeons so busy. 

“As I am not a surgeon I was working in the tents trying to organize the patient flow through the operating theatres, supervise the national staff, and also man the ’salle d’urgences’. We were working 8am-6pm which meant leaving the house at 7 and coming back at 7 or so. My French has been sorely tested!

“In the ’salle d’urgences’ we had some general medical cases - LRTI, exac asthma, cardiac failure - but also some tropical stuff such as typhoid fever, malaria, and dengue in some expats. We were also receiving trauma - mainly in the form of gunshot wounds - both using shot type bullets which pepper the patients with shallow wounds, and also the type of bullet I imagine is normal (I have little experience with this!). Fortunately the surgical team is always at hand to help!

“After a week or so in Haiti, I was asked to move to Dominican Republic to follow the care of the patients who have been transferred here for definitive care as I speak Spanish (a lot better than my French). Working conditions here are much easier in the sense that I have my own room to sleep in at night (in Port-Au-Prince I was sleeping on the office floor) and we have a phone network which actually works!”

3. Have enough supplies, equipment and drugs been available?

“For the medical side we have sufficient supplies - actually we are mainly using dressings and simple antibiotics. What we are desperately in need of is crutches, which have come from our close association with handicap international who have sent physios to work in our structures but they had run out…without these the important phase of rehab simply can’t happen.”

4. What have been the successes of, and satisfaction in, your work?

“Since I have been in Santo Domingo I have been able to get to know the patients we have here and their families really well, and am constantly struck by the strength of will and hope and incredible dedication the carers show to the patients, and the overwhelming gratitude they show.

“There is one young woman as a patient, and her father as a carer. They have lost absolutely everything in their world, and are now living in a world of different languages and habits. Every time I come to visit the father tells me he feels strong when I’m there - he knows someone is looking after them (as I have to ‘encourage’ the staff to do things for the patient) and he thanks me so effusively I want to cry. 

“I tell him this is my job - that he doesn’t need to thank me - but he always replies the same: you have given me my world and my hope…enough to bring a wee lump to anyone’s throat I think.”

5. What have been the frustrations and heartbreaks?

“Too many to count. The sheer scale of disaster. The fact that even when you make these patients ‘well’ from a medical point of view - you may have saved their life - but they are destined to a live in a world of so few opportunities. 

“The thing that worries me most for the near future is the coming wet season, hurricanes often devastate this part of the world. What happens to all those hundreds of thousands living in the streets when the rains come? And if we don’t manage to organise the water and sanitation systems before then, then we may be looking at huge outbreaks of diarrhoeal disease, etc. With all the standing water there is also the increased risk of mosquito breeding sites, so a possible rise in malaria and dengue etc…and how can you fix all that in a few short months? 

“This disaster is so, so far from over - even if we do get folks walking again.”

6. Do you feel you have been able to do enough?

“My job in the hospital in Choscal was really mainly one of organisation, although I really enjoyed working in the salle d’urgences (I was previously an A&E trainee before defecting to GP). So in many ways I didn’t feel that my medical skills were so important. 

“As often seems to be the case in these types of situations you need someone who can take a step back, see the big picture and then try to organise the use of resources most efficiently. You can never do ‘enough’ - there is always more to do!!”

7. Is there anything that could have been done better?

Speaking as a pedantic list maker and organisational freak, who arrived after the main chaos had died down a bit, I think co-ordination and organisation could have been better, but then I wasn’t faced with literally hundreds of people with mangled limbs standing at deaths door tugging at my clothes asking me to help…”

8. How easy is it to slot back into, and readjust to, everyday practice after working in a disaster zone like Haiti? Do the mental images ever go away? 

“I’ve worked in developing worlds since 1995, living in Cuba for a year before I started medicine, so I am quite used to the stark differences between the two worlds. It doesn’t stop you being angry at the injustices, and frustrated by the apparent narrow mindedness of so many people in the UK who seem to choose not to be interested in a world that is not their own. 

“The best you can do is share your stories with people and hope to instill in them at least some level of awareness and interest in the world around them. I don’t believe we will ever live in a world where people are truly egalitarian and considerate - but I do believe we can all do a little to get a bit closer to that ideal.”

Read more about MSF.

Who will win the tug-of-war over CPD and SPAs?

By Mike Broad - 17th February 2010 12:27 pm

I got an email from the GMC this morning. It’s a press release about revalidation. The opening line says: ‘Revalidation, the regular assurance that all doctors with a licence are competent and fit to practise, is on its way.’

It calls on doctors and patients to take part in a major consultation to help shape the process. This will run from three months from 1 March.

Revalidation has been on its way for a long time, and it’s still got some distance to travel. While all doctors now have a licence to practise and pilot studies into the process of revalidation have started, they won’t be completed until 31 March 2011. The full process will not be rolled out until some time in late 2011 or early 2012. So, while ‘it’s on its way’ don’t hold your breath.

I suppose we should be grateful that the GMC is at least seeking to engage the profession in developing the model. And initial feedback from the pilots is positive.

Will revalidation catch potential serial killers? Of course it won’t. Will revalidation put more focus on professional development? Probably. A more rigorous and consistent approach to CPD and appraisal could contribute to raising the quality of practise, if it’s not matched with a rise in bureaucracy.

But there are still some big lumpy problems with revalidation. Others have highlighted ongoing confusion about overall purpose, problems with responsible officers and ‘agreed statements of concern’.

Cost is a big one and not much discussed. Appraisers, affiliates and responsible officers all need to be trained. The system needs to be coordinated and managed. The GMC affiliate pilots for example proved expensive.

Another cost issue emerged this week: the allocation of supporting professional activities (SPAs) to consultants by trusts. A recent leaked document from the Foundation Trust Network revealed that many employers will seek to reduce consultants’ SPAs to one per week within their job plans.

However, the Association of Medical Royal Colleges has just released a position statement on SPAs which supports the original recommendation of 2.5 per week. It also makes the important point that if revalidation is to be effective it will demand more SPA time not less.

It says the process of revalidation and the work that underlies it - such as CPD, audit, multi-source feedback, patient feedback and critical incident review - is all work that should be accommodated within SPA time.

So how many SPAs will consultants need post revalidation if the process is to be taken seriously? Three at least, when all the other ingredients such as - teaching, training, education, audit, appraisal, research, clinical management, clinical governance, service development - are taken into consideration.

Few trusts are going to pay for this. Balancing the books will clearly be a higher priority to them that supporting the principles of revalidation. These are the real world issues that people like Dame Janet Smith, sitting in their ivory towers, never appreciate.

Revalidation has the potential to be positive, to encourage a more systematic approach to career-long learning and development. But it has to be resourced, both in terms of money and management, across the piece; the employers’ role will be crucial and local finances clearly have the capacity to undermine the process.  

There’s a very real danger in these austere times that a model that looks good on paper becomes a pointless bureaucracy, a tick box exercise, a waste of time in reality. And, unfortunately, on 1 March, when the GMC starts consulting on revalidation, doctors and patients will not be in a position to address that most fundamental of questions.

Stand together and see off the contract threat

By Mike Broad - 11th February 2010 3:05 pm

So, the gloves have come off over consultants’ terms and conditions.

A leaked document by the Foundation Trust Network has revealed the full extent of employers’ intentions. An end to CEAs, reduced SPAs, capped pensions and frozen increments on pay progression are just some of them.

We know we’re in difficult times. But, if you were running a foundation trust, would you seek the answer in undermining and compromising the most important members of your workforce, or would you try to inspire them to work together to find real solutions?

It’s an incredible shame that a sizable proportion of NHS employers preferred to collude in secrecy rather than air and share the challenge with their senior medical staff.

Unfortunately, they will now pay a price for this. Their bond of trust with the consultant body is weakened and doctors’ representatives are on guard.  

We’ve started to see foundation trusts, with their greater independence, test national arrangements and offer non standard jobs. Sometimes they’ve done this for the right reasons, but frequently they’ve not.  

Maybe it was inevitable that they would test consultants’ nationally agreed terms and conditions more directly at some point. I’m sure the Foundation Trust Network, or even your individual foundation trust, will try to smooth things over by claiming it was just a discussion document. Don’t be fooled. This is not just about short-term savings, this is about getting consultants where they want them in future: cheaper, more acquiescent and clinically-focused.

Consultants have a contract which is fair - it rewards appropriately but not excessively. If foundation trusts want to change it, they should be forced towards national re-negotiation not local tinkering.

If piecemeal compromises start to happen locally - however the trust justifies them - all consultants will suffer eventually when inferior terms and conditions become common and ‘acceptable’. At that stage, they might not even ‘need’ the sub-consultant grade anymore.

The consultant body, and its representatives, have to show a united front and see off this very real threat.

Hold the front page Katie’s got married again

By Mike Broad - 8th February 2010 10:38 pm

Why do some medical stories get covered in the media and others don’t?

It’s a pertinent question this week as debate rages in the blogosphere about Dr Jane Barton. For the uninitiated, she’s a GP in Gosport who has just been found guilty of serious professional misconduct by the GMC.

Dr Barton prescribed “potentially hazardous” levels of sedatives and painkillers to patients at the Gosport War Memorial Hospital in the 1990s. But, despite being found guilty of putting her patients at risk of premature death during that time, she has not been struck off. Instead she can continue to work under certain conditions, which includes a ban on injecting opiates for three years.

There’s been widespread criticism of the decision. The GMC case followed an inquest last year into 10 deaths that concluded that prescribed drugs had been a factor in five. Furthermore, a number of commentators have questioned why Dr Barton didn’t receive the same level of media attention as Dr Andrew Wakefield or Dr Daniel Ubani, the German GP at the centre of the out-of-hours storm.  

It being the web, conspiracy theories abound. Barton ‘survived’ and received less coverage because she’s white and from the right background. Others, like Ubani, haven’t fared so well because of prejudice and racism. The media is only interested in exposing minorities or outsiders because that’s what their small minded readerships want.

If you don’t like that one, there’s another. Barton ‘got off’ because she has friends and family in high places within the medical establishment. Conversations were held behind closed doors, strings were pulled. The media were scared off by the threat of libel.

Like most conspiracy theories, they’re nonsense. There is a more prosaic explanation. Let’s start with the GMC. The fitness to practise panel was clearly swayed by the outpouring of local support for Dr Barton. Supportive comments from current patients have even appeared on comment boards beneath the case’s coverage in the nationals. Despite her serious failings at the Memorial Hospital in the 90s, she’s clearly a popular GP now.  

The GMC’s adjudication powers are being moved to the totally independent Office of the Health Professions Adjudicator next year, effectively signalling the end of self-regulation. It will be interesting to see whether the OHPA would be similarly influenced - I doubt it.  

Fitness to practise panels make their own decisions, and the GMC itself is clearly not happy about this one. New chief executive Niall Dickson suggested she should have been struck off and has instigated a review. Furthermore, the Council for Healthcare Regulatory Excellence (CHRE), a supra-regulator if you like, is also having a look. Many forget that doctors now face double jeopardy. The CHRE has the power to refer the case to the High Court if it considers the decision to be unduly lenient.

In short, this case isn’t over yet. Norman Lamb, shadow health secretary for the Lib Dems, is calling for a public inquiry into the matter, though I doubt that will be required.

So, on to the next point, why haven’t the media covered it? Or, to be more accurate (because it has been covered by most of the nationals), why hasn’t it been on TV?

It’s simple - it just hasn’t sufficiently interested their journalists. While many health specialists might think it is an important story about competence, supervision and public protection, when you move into the mainstream media there is only so much ‘space’ for health stories. We’ve had a series of big health stories and if journalists, or more importantly their editors, decide that the Wakefield and Ubani cases have stronger news values (such as scope, relevance and topicality for their audiences) then every other health story gets squeezed. In the wider news agenda, the Iraq Inquiry has been squeezing everything.

Journalism is also a dying profession. Numbers have been slashed in recent years, which results in fewer specialists. Most reporters are now generalists, there’s a lot of churnalism, and effective PR has more sway than ever. ‘Good’ stories get missed. Partly because of this the media acts like a pack, if one credible publication or outlet runs a story, the others dive in. It helps to manage their risk.

So, it really doesn’t take a clandestine conspiracy for meaningful stories get pushed to the back of the queue, sadly just the England football captain getting caught with his pants down or Katie Price getting re-married will be enough.

Our GPs must prevent out-of-hours “killings”

By Mike Broad - 4th February 2010 6:20 pm

Apologies over the unnecessary death of David Gray have filled the front pages and airwaves this week.

He was given a fatal overdose by Dr Daniel Ubani, a German doctor flown in to provide out-of-hours GP cover in Cambridgeshire, and a coroner ruled this week that his death amounted to gross negligence and manslaughter.

The coroner William Morris issued 11 recommendations to the Department of Health to improve out-of-hours GP services.

The main one, and most people’s biggest bone of contention, is the need for a review of how EU agreements work in the UK. Morris said the government must issue guidance to all NHS trusts over checking doctors’ English, their experience of the NHS and how they acquired their GP status.

However, as the GMC is at pains to point out, they’re not allowed to test doctors from the EU. The combination of EU law and domestic legislation (the Medical Act 1983) excludes the testing of a European applicant’s language proficiency or their competence.

This is a bit of a problem when you consider that Ubani was flown in at the eleventh hour, started work immediately with no induction and was utterly incompetent. (Makes you also wonder why we booted out loads of good doctors with excellent English from the sub-continent a couple of years ago).

Without wanting to come over all UKIP, our health secretary needs to grow a spine and put our relationship with Europe on a proper footing on this issue.

Morris also demanded “robust” clinical and management measures, including training and induction for non-UK doctors, and said only the company actually running the out-of-hours GP services should recruit doctors in future. It follows the Care Quality Commission making similar demands of trusts last year.

And this is where we get to the crux of it. Of course all overseas doctors coming into the UK should be tested and we should have a clear idea of the equivalence of their training. But, the real problem is how we’ve organised our out-of-hours GP services. Crap European doctors shouldn’t be required.

This week’s apology by NHS Cambridgeshire, which employed Take Care Now to provide the services in question, is revealing.

Dr Paul Zollinger-Read, chief executive of NHS Cambridgeshire, said: “We as an organisation still have much to learn from this case. Our monitoring of contracts has already improved significantly, but we must not become complacent.

“Systems around the registering of GPs by the GMC and on Performers’ Lists need to reviewed, and the recruitment, checking and vetting of GPs by our providers is vital if we are all to prevent this happening again.”

He’s got responsibility but seemingly limited power to control events. It doesn’t take much to go wrong, in a safety critical environment, where organisations are contracting and sub-contracting to the private sector, to lose sight of the process.

The reasons why Ubani was used remain. He was cheap and available (he even paid for his own flight and accommodation). It had nothing to do with quality. More checks will help but, in our new age of austerity, PCTs are still going to be looking for cheap deals.

I think it speaks volumes that Take Care Now is still in business, regardless of whether it has improved. It lost its Cambridgeshire contract, but still provides services for two other trusts: NHS Worcestershire and NHS Great Yarmouth and Waveney.

The GP contract has been an unmitigated disaster for out-of-hours care in the community. It’s time to bring local GP practices back into the equation and if that means the GP contract has to be re-negotiated, then so be it.  

“We must make the NHS leaner but not meaner”

By Dr Adrian Crisp, consultant in rheumatology and metabolic bone diseases, Addenbrooke’s Hospital - 11:51 am

We must make the NHS leaner but not meaner. The demand for healthcare will only increase with a rapidly expanding and ageing population. Present attempts to reduce expenditure by, for example, reducing treatment options nationally by NICE or local cuts by PCTs, are only pinpricks. Moreover the inevitable professional and patient anger induced by these measures more than outweighs marginal savings.

The NHS salary bill is the obvious target and courage will be required to achieve real economies.

It is not difficult to identify actions which would not only reduce the salary and pension provision costs but would also improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare as part of the massive de-regulation of UK health for which front line clinical staff crave.

In May 1940, before the Dunkirk evacuation, ‘useless mouths’ - the support troops not directly involved in fighting - were sent back to the UK. We must identify urgently the useless mouths in the NHS if we are to achieve improvements in patient care.

I’m urging the next government to examine the following proposals:

1. Abolish PCTS.

Strategic Health Authorities (SHAs) could fulfil their present role and the role of PCTs. Clearly SHAs would require development to assume their expanded role but should emphatically not re-employ the majority of redundant PCT employees.

The present local interpretation by PCTs of national health policy causes considerable inequity in the care of patients on opposite sides of PCT boundaries. The geographical region covered by SHAs provides the appropriate size and patient numbers to plan all aspects of healthcare. Clearly there would still be cross-SHA inconsistency but much less than with the current mosaic of PCTs. A small number of powerful SHAs responsible to the Department of Health and to their region could become the engines of expert health management.

2. Create a single inspection and monitoring agency for each SHA.

A myriad of inspection and monitoring agencies now besiege all medical facilities. This excessively complex and overlapping process, created by a micro-managing DoH, must be abolished as part of a clear policy of health de-regulation.

Hospitals are compelled to employ useless mouths to serve the monitoring machine and excessive monitoring diverts frontline clinical staff from their primary role in patient care. Assessments are box ticking exercises concentrating on process rather than outcomes and often mislead. One comprehensive inspection agency, organised by SHAs, responsible to the DOH and their own region, should undertake all assessments.

3. Reduce administrative staff.

The epidemic of bureaucracy which has brought the NHS to its knees has produced rampant expansion of non-clinical staff.

Many staff whose work is remote from direct clinical care could disappear from the payroll without any impact on clinical activity. Examples include communications staff, patient advice and liaison service staff, most inspection/monitoring staff, and IT and plant maintenance staff (whose roles could be outsourced to the private sector). Each trust must vigorously identify useless mouths and take action.

Those working shoulder to shoulder with clinicians would be retained: consultants’ PAs, good clinical service and finance managers, clinic reception and appointments staff and the like. 

Well resourced and supported clinical teams should undertake all clinical and non clinical work required by their service. Ownership of their service would be restored. Professional self-respect would return and the current widespread feeling of impotence among clinical staff would be dissipated. If true leadership is restored to clinical staff then they could be judged on the outcomes of their services.

4. Outsource the maintenance of NHS buildings.

Inhouse maintenance and small works teams are inefficient, expensive and unresponsive. Outsourcing of all such work to the private sector, preferably organised locally, is the obvious solution. This theme of reducing numbers of non clinical NHS staff -along side a vigorous programme of de-regulation - must be another watchword.

5. Abolish NHS translation services.

The NHS’s expenditure on providing free translation services for patients with inadequate English language skills is significant. Patients with inadequate language skills seeking NHS care should bring a friend or relative who can help. Most visitors to the UK possess some English skills but a small proportion of UK residents lack basic English. Free provision of translation services sends the wrong message. Funding for translation services must be withdrawn.

There are many opportunities to reduce the numbers of non clinical staff in the NHS, saving huge sums of money without impacting on patient care. It’s time to abolish PCTs and dismantle Labour’s expansion of non clinical agencies and staff.